03.601 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (TA) 3 -1-0

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

DSP & its benefits – Key DSP operations – Real world applications of DSP – Applications in Audio, Telecommunication & Biomedical. Sampling of continuous time signals – Anti-aliasing filters – Reconstruction filters. DFT – DFT & its properties – Linear filtering methods – Computation of DFT – FFT Algorithms and Applications - Quantization effects in the computation of DFT.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Digital filter structures, Block diagram & signal flow graph representation – Basic FIR & IIR structures – State Space Structures – All pass filters. Digital filter design – IIR filter design – Impulse invariance & Bilinear methods – FIR filter design based on window methods (Truncated fourier series, Bartlett, Blackman, Hanning, Hamming, Kaiser) & frequency sampling approach.

Module III (Quantitative Approach)

Adaptive digital filter – basic concepts and applications. Quantization & Round off effects in digital filters. Multirate DSP – Sampling rate alteration devices – Filters – Design of decimator and Interpolator. Digital Signal Processors – Architectures for signal processing – General purpose processors – Special purpose DSP hardwares. Application and design studies – Evaluation boards for real time signal processing – Detection of fetal heart beats, Equalization of digital audio signals – Spectral analysis of audio signals, Transmultiplexers, Multitone transmission of digital data.

Text Books :

1. Module I Ref (1), (2) & (3) ; Module II Ref (1), (2), (3) & (4); Module III Ref (1) & (3)

References :

1. Sanjith K.Mitra : Digital Signal Processing, 2^nd edn., Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

2. John G Proakis, Dimitris G Manolakis - Digital Signal Processing , 3^rd ed., Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

3. Emmanuel C. Ifeachor, Barrie W. Jervis: Digital Signal Processing, 2^nd edn., Pearson Education / PHI

4. A V Oppenheim & Ronald W.Schafer: Discrete Time Signal Processing, 2^nd edn., Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.

5. Ramesh Babu P., Digital Signal Processing , Scitech Publications (India) Pvt.Ltd.

6. Steven W Smith : The Scientist and Engineer’s Guide to Digital Signal Processing , California Technical Publishing, San Diego, California.

Question Paper

The question paper shall consist of two parts. Part I is to cover the entire syllabus, and carries 40 marks. This shall contain 10 compulsory questions of 4 marks each. Part II is to cover 3 modules, and carries 60 marks. There shall be 3 questions from each module (10 marks each) out of which 2 are to be answered.

03.602 MICROPROCESSORS (TA)

Module 1

General architecture of a microprocessor, hardware architecture of 8086, addressing modes, instruction set, instruction templates, instruction execution timing. Assembly language programming, programming examples. Modular programming – Assembler instruction format, Different programming models, Assembler directives and operators, Assembly process, Linking and relocation, stacks, procedures, interrupt routines, macros.

Module II

8086 hardware design - Bus structure, bus buffering and latching, system bus timing with diagram, memory (RAM and ROM) interfacing, memory address decoding, I/O interfacing – serial and parallel I/O, Programmed I/O, Interrupts and their processing, interrupt driven I/O. Minimum and maximum mode configurations of 8086, 8087 co-processor architecture and configuration. Comparative study of 80386, Pentium Architecture and 68000 Processors.

Module III

Study of support chips – 8255 – Programmable peripheral interface, 8251 – Universal synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter, 8259 – Programmable Interrupt controller, 8279 – Programmable Keyboard / Display Interface, 8257 – Programmable DMA Controller, 8288 – Bus controller, 8253 – Programmable Interval Timer, 8086 based system architecture and design with these support chips.

Text Books:

1. Douglas V. Hall : Microprocessors and Interfacing, TMH, New Hill

2. Barry B Bray : The Intel Microprocessor 8086/80866, 80186/80188, 80236, 80386, 80486, Pentium and Pentium Pro, Pearson Education Asia.

References :

1. Peter Abel : IBM PC Assembly Language Programming , PHI.

2. M. Rafiquzzaman : Microprocessor Theory and Application, PHI.

3. Yu Chen Liu & Glenn A Gibson : Microcomputer Systems; The 8086/8088 Family, PHI, New Delhi.

Question Paper

03.603 INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS & INSTRUMENTATION (T) 2–1-0

Module I

Power diodes- characteristics, power diode types, diodes with RC, RL, LC and RLC loads. Thyristors – characteristics, two-transistor model, turn on and turn off, thyristor types, firing circuits.

Power transistors- Power BJT, Power MOSFET, SIT and IGBT, steady state and switching characteristics of Power MOS, drive requirements. Controlled rectifiers- principle of phase controlled converter operation. Single phase and three phase semi converters, full converters, and dual converters, power factor improvements, design of converter circuits.

Module II

Switch mode converters – Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost converters. Derived DC – DC converters – Fly back, Forward, Push pull and half bridge converters. Overview of switching power supplies.

Basic configuration of switched mode inverters, UPS, Power line disturbance and EMI Filters.

Introduction to motor drive system – DC motor drives – v/f control of induction motor.

Measurement of resistance, inductance and capacitance using bridges - Wheatstone, Maxwell, Megger, Q meter, Electronic multimeter, RF power meter.

Module III

Digital instruments: Digital voltmeter - successive approximation type, Digital measurement of time interval, phase, period, frequency, ratio of two frequencies, Digital LCR meter.

Signal generators - Audio generators, Function generators, Sweep frequency generators, Pulse generators, RF generators.

Cathode Ray Oscilloscope – dual trace and dual beam oscilloscopes.

Special oscilloscopes - Delayed time base oscilloscope and controls. Analog Storage oscilloscope and controls. Sampling oscilloscopes - Digital storage oscilloscope – Operation –controls – applications. Spectrum analyzers, Logic State analyzers.

Text Books

1. Ned Mohan et. al. : Power Electronics : Converters, Applications and Design, John Wiley and Sons.

2. Md. H.Rashid,: Power Electronics : Circuits, Devices and Applications2/e, Pearson Education.

3. D.A.Bell : Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements, PHI, 2003

4. Helfrick & Cooper: Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, PHI

References

1. P.C Sen: Modern Power Electronics, Wheeler Publishers.

2. Joseph Vithayathil: Power Electronics: Principles and Applications. Mc Graw Hill

3. Pressman: Switching Power Supply Design. Mc Graw Hill

4. Joseph J. Carr : Elements of Electronic Instrumentation and Measurements, 3/e, Pearson Education India.

5. Ernest Doebelin: Measurement Systems, 5^th Edn., Mc Graw Hill.

Question Paper

03.604 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION (T) 2-1-0

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

Pulse modulation – Sampling process – PAM – Quantization – PCM – Noise in PCM system - TDM – Digital multiplexers – Modifications of PCM – Delta modulation – DPCM – ADPCM – ADM. Baseband pulse Transmission – Matched filter - Error rate due to noise – ISI – Nyquist criterion for distortionless transmission – Correlative level coding – Baseband M-ary PAM transmission – eye pattern – optimum linear receiver – Adaptive equalization.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Signal space Analysis – Geometric representation of signals – Conversion of the continuous AWGN channel in to a vector channel – Likelihood function – Coherent detection of signals in noise – correlation receiver – probability of error. Passband Digital Transmission – Transmission model – coherent phase shift keying – Hybrid amplitude and phase modulation schemes – coherent frequency shift keying – Detection of signals with unknown phase – Non coherent orthogonal modulation – Differential phase shift keying – Comparison of digital modulation schemes.

Module III

Application of passband transmission – Voice band Modems – Multichannel modulation – Discrete multitone. Synchronization. Spread spectrum communication – Pseudo–noise sequences – Spread Spectrum – Direct sequence spread spectrum with coherent binary phase shift keying – Signal space dimensionality and processing gain – Probability of error – Frequency Hop spread spectrum – Maximum length and Gold codes. Multiple Access Techniques. Statistical characterization of multi path channels. Binary signaling over a Rayleigh fading channel – Diversity techniques. TDMA and CDMA – RAKE receiver. Source coding of speech.

Text book:

Simon Haykin - Communication systems – 4^th edition- John-Wiley & sons, Inc.

References:

1. Bernard Sklar : Digital Communication, 2^nd Edn., Pearson Education, 2001.

2. Harold Kolimbris : Digital Communication Systems, 1^st edn., Pearson Education, 2000.

3. Marvin K. Simon, Sami M. Hinedi, William C. Lindsey : Digital Communication Techniques , PHI.

4. Couch: Digital and Analog Communication Systems, 6^th edn., Pearson Education.

Question Paper

03.605 ANTENNA & WAVE PROPAGATION (T) 2-1-0

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

Basic antenna parameters - gain, directivity, beam solid angle, beam width and effective aperture calculations. Effective height - wave polarisation - antenna temperature - radiation resistance - radiation efficiency - antenna field zones - principles of reciprocity. Concept of retarded potential - field and radiation resistance of a short dipole - field and radiation resistance of a half wave dipole – duality of antennas – radiation from pulsed center-fed dipole antenna.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Arrays of point sources - field of two isotropic point sources - principle of pattern multiplication - linear arrays of ‘n’ isotropic point sources - maximum, null and beamwidth calculations of broad side and end fire arrays - binomial arrays. Principle and applications of V antenna - helical antenna - log periodic antenna - dish antenna and phased arrays. Biconical antenna – characteristic impedance of infinite biconical antenna, input impedance of finite biconical antenna. Measurement of radiation pattern, gain, directivity and impedance.

Module III (Quantitative Approach)

Radio wave propagation – Modes – structure of atmosphere – characteristics of ionized regions – sky wave propagation – effect of earth’s magnetic field – derivation of Appleton-hartree formula – MUF – skip distance – Ionospheric abnormalities and absorption – Multi hop propagation – space wave propagation – dual propagation – VHF and UHF Mobile radio propagation – Tropospheric Scatter Propagation – VLF and ELF propagation into sea water.

Text Books :

1. John D. Krauss: Antennas for all Applications 3^rd Edn.,TMH.

2. K.D. Prasad: Antenna and Wave Propagation., Satyaprakashan, 2000, New Delhi.

References:

1. R.E Collin: Antennas & Radio Wave Propagation, Mc Graw Hill.

2. Terman: Electronics & Radio Engineering., McGraw Hill.

3. E.C. Jordan & K G Balmain: Electromagnetic Waves & Radiating Systems, 2^nd Edn., PHI.

Question Paper

03.606 (1) ANALOG CIRCUIT DESIGN (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I

Basic MOS device physics, MOS I/V characteristics. MOS device layout, device capacitance, small signal model.

Single stage MOS amplifiers –CS,CD,CG and cascode amplifiers ,gain and frequency response, class B and class AB amplifiers.

Differential Amplifiers, MOS load, Current source, Current mirror , cascode load.

Noise in CS, CG, CD and Differential amplifiers.

Module II

MOS Operational Amplifiers, one stage- cascode and folded cascode, two stage op-amp, Common mode feed back ,Input range limitation, Noise in Op-amp, frequency compensation and slew rate in two stage Op-amps.

Basic MOS Op-amp design, op-amp with output buffer, device sizes. Basic structure of operational Trans -conductance amplifiers-High speed MOS op-amp ,MOS comparator, Analog MOS Multipliers - basic principles.

Module III

CMOS Switch, sample and hold circuit, switched capacitor Integrator, Summing amplifiers, double Integrator biquad, higher order SC filter - realization using first order and second order, CMOS charge scaling DAC, Cyclic and pipeline DAC, CMOS charge distribution ADC, charge pump PLL, CMOS VCO, PFD using charge pump, CMOS Voltage reference, Band gap voltage reference.

Text Books:

1. Behzad Razavi: Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, TMH 2002.

2. R Jacob Baker, Harry W. Li , David E Boyce: CMOS Circuit Design, Lay out and Simulation - IEEE press, 2002.

Reference:

K R Botkar : Integrated Circuits, 10^th edn. , Khanna Publishers

Question Paper

03.606 (2) DESIGNING WITH VHDL (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I

Identifiers, data objects, Data types, and operators in VHDL. Entity declaration. Architecture modeling - structural, behavioral & data flow. Constant, signal, aliases, and variable assignments. Conditional statements – if ..then ..else , when..else, with select , and case statements. Loop statements – for, while, loop, and generate statements. exit, next, block, assertion, and report statements. Generics. Configurations - specification declaration, default rules, conversion functions, instantiation, and incremental binding.

Module II

Subprograms - functions and procedures, operator overloading. Packages and libraries – package declaration, package body, design of file, design of libraries. Attributes - user defined and predefined. Introduction to test bench generation –waveform generation, wait statement, text file reading and dumping results in text file. Testing – fault models, different faults. Fault simulation- ATPG, DFT, boundary scan, and BIST

Module III

Top-down design, FSM implementation in VHDL - design issues in synchronous machines-clock skew, gating the clock, asynchronous inputs. synchronizer failure, metastability resolution time, reliable synchronizer design. Moore & Melay machines. State encoding, interacting state machines. Introduction to CPLD, FPGA & design with CPLD and FPGA.

Text Books:

1. Kevin Skahill.: VHDL for Programmable Logic, Addison & Wesley.

2. John F. Wakerly: Digital Design Principles and Practices, PHI.

3. J Bhasker : VHDL Primer, Pearson Education.

References:

1. Nawabi.: VHDL - Analysis and Modelling of Digital Systems., 2^nd ed., Mc Graw Hill.

2. Douglas Perry: VHDL, Mc Graw Hill.

3. VHDL, IEEE Standard Reference Manual.

Question Paper

03.606 (3) LINEAR ALGEBRA & APPLICATIONS IN ELECTRONICS (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

Linear Models in Engineering – Systems of linear equations, Row reduction and Echelon forms, Vector equations, Matrix equation, Solution sets of linear systems, Linear independence, Linear transformation, Models in Engineering, Matrix operations, Invertible Matrices, Partitioned Matrices, Matrix factorizations, Solutions of linear systems, Leontief Input-Output Model, Application to Computer Graphics.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Determinants – Properties – Grame’s Rule, Volume and linear transformations. Vector spaces & Sub spaces, Null & Column spaces, Linear transformations, Bases, Co-ordinate systems, dimension, Rank, Change of basis, Application to difference equations and Markov Chains. Eigen values & Eigen Vectors – Characteristic equation, diagonalization, linear transformations, complex Eigen values, discrete dynamical systems, Application to differential equations.

Module III (Quantitative Approach)

Orthogonality & Least – squares – Inner product, length and orthogonality, Orthogonal sets & projections, Gram – Schmidt Process, Least – Squares Problems, Inner product spaces, Applications of Inner Product spaces. Symmetric Matrices & quadratic forms – Constrained optimization, singular value decomposition, Application to Image processing. Numerical Techniques-Gaussian elimination, LU decomposition, Practical difficulties in solving equations, Iterative methods for solving linear equations.

Text Books :

1) David C Lay : Linear Algebra and its Applications, 2^nd Edn., Peason Education Asia

2) Gareth Williams : Linear Algebra with Applications, 4^th Edn., Jones & Bartlett, Mathematics.

3) Arch W.Naylor R.Sell: Linear operator Theory, Vol 40 , Springer

Question Paper

03.606 (4) FUZZY SYSTEMS (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

Introduction to Fuzzy sets and systems. Basics of fuzzy sets, membership function, support of a fuzzy set, height - Normalised fuzzy set, a - cuts (decomposition of a fuzzy set), set theoretic definitions on fuzzy sets, complement, intersection and union equality, subsethood - basic definition based on membership functions. The law of the excluded middle and law of contradiction on fuzzy sets. Properties of fuzzy sets operations (logical proof only). Extension of fuzzy sets concepts - type-2 and level 2 fuzzy sets - examples.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Operations on fuzzy sets - intersection, algebraic sum - product, bounded sum - product, drastic sum product, t-norms and t-conorms(s - norms) on fuzzy sets, typical parameterised t - norms and s-norms(with simplified proof). Extension principle and its applications. Fuzzy relation. Resolution form of a binary fuzzy relation. Operations on fuzzy relations - projection, max.-min. and min and max, compositions cylindric extension. Similarity relations - Reflexivity, symmetry, transitivity. Further operations on fuzzy sets, concentration, dilation, contrast intensification, linguistic hedges.

Module III (Quantitative Approach)

Logical operations on fuzzy sets – Negation – Conjunction, disjunction, implication, fuzzy inference. Block diagram of a fuzzy logic system. Fuzzy rule base – simplification of compound rule base – fuzzy inference – max. – min, man product, man drastic product, man bounded product. Defuzzification – Centre of gravity, center of sums, weighted average etc. Fuzzy pattern recognition-Feature analysis, Partitions, Identification, Multifeature recognition. Fuzzy control systems- Review of control theory for fuzzy controls, Simple controllers,General controllers,Stability,Models,Inverted pendulam,Aircraft landing control, Aircondioner control.

Text Books:

1. C.T Lin & C S George Lee: Neural Fuzzy Systems, Prentice Hall. (Module 1, 2, 3)

2. Ahamad M. Ibrahim : Introduction to Applied Fuzzy Electronics, PHI. (Module 3)

3. S. Rajasekharan, G A Vijayalakshmi Pai : Neural Networks, Fuzzy logic and Genetic Algorithms, PHI.

4. Timothy J. Ross, Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, 2/e, McGraw Hill.

References:

1. Earl Cox: Fuzzy Systems Handbook, Associated Press

2. Klir and Yuan: Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic- Theory and Applications, Prentice Hall of India.

3. Bart Kosko: Fuzzy Engineering, Prentice Hall.

4. Bart Kosko: Fuzzy Thinking , Hooper Collins Publications.

5. Yen: Fuzzy Logic: Intelligence, Control and Instrumentation , Pearson Education, 2002

Question Paper

03.606 (5) ELECTRONIC MATERIALS (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I

Crystallography and crystalline Defects: Crystallography, Directions and planes, Crystalline defects, line defects, Planar defects, Volume defects, Gettering in Si. Metallization and Phase Diagrams: Lever rule and phase rule, Eutectic system, silicide metallization, Ternary phase diagrams, Metal Si & O₂ interactions. Oxidation of silicides, Metal GaAs interaction, Stable Metallization for GaAs.

Module II

Reaction kinetics: Silicides, Aluminides and diffusion barrier, Silicide formation, Al-Pd₂Si interactions, Al Au interactions, diffusion barrier Alloy- Si interactions. Use of band theory and occupation statistics to explain existence and basic properties of metals and nonmetals, Optical absorption in SC, light emission from SC. Binary III-V compounds, Mixed crystals.

Module III

Applications of Electronic Materials – Microelectronics – microelectronic semiconductor devices. Opto- electronics – materials for opto electronic devices – Quantum electronics – superconducting materials – applications of superconductors – Magnetic materials – Magnetic recording materials – electronic materials for transducers – Sensors and actuators – electronic materials for radiation detection.

Text Book:

J W Mayer & S. S. Lau: Electronic Material Science for Integrated Circuits in Si & GaAs, PHI, 1990.

Reference :

D. Jiles : Introduction to the Electronic Properties of Materials, Chapman & Hall. 1994.

Question Paper

03.606 (6) GRAPH THEORY (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I (Quantitative Approach)

Graphs – Application of graphs – Finite and Infinite graphs – Incidence and Degree – Isolated Vertex, Pendant Vertex and Null Graph – Isomorphism – Sub graphs – Walks, Paths and Circuits – Connected Graphs, Disconnected graphs and Components – Euler Graphs – Operations on Graphs – Hamiltonian Paths and Circuits. Trees – Pendant Vertices in a Tree – Distance and Centers in a Tree – Rooted and Binary Trees – On Counting Trees – Spanning Trees – Fundamental Circuits – Finding All Spanning Trees of a Graph – Spanning Trees in a Weighted Graph. Cut-Sets – All Cut-Sets in a Graph – Fundamental Circuits and Cut-Sets – Connectivity and Separability – Network Flows – 1-Isomorphism, 2-Isomorphism.

Module II (Quantitative Approach)

Combinatorial and Geometric Graphs – Planar Graphs – Different Representations of a Planar Graph – Detection of Planarity – Geometric Dual – Combinatorial Dual. Sets with one operation – sets with two operations – Modular Arithmetic and Galois Fields – Vectors and Vector spaces – Vector space Associated with a graph – Basis vectors of a graph – Circuit and Cut-set subspaces – Orthogonal vectors and spaces. Incident Matrix – Sub matrices of A(G) – Circuit Matrix – Fundamental Circuit Matrix and rank of B – Cut-Set Matrix – Relationships among A_f , B_f and C_f - Path Matrix – Adjacency Matrix.

Module III (Quantitative Approach)

Chromatic Number – Chromatic Partitioning – Chromatic Polynomial – Matchings – Coverings.

Directed Graph – Digraphs and Binary Relations – Directed Paths and Connectedness – Euler Digraphs – Trees with Directed Edges – Fundamental Circuits in Digraphs – Matrices A, B and C of Digraphs – Adjacency Matrix of a Digraph. Enumeration of Graphs – Counting Labeled Trees – Counting Unlabeled Trees. Contact Networks – Analysis of Contact Networks – Synthesis of Contact Networks – Sequential Switching networks – Unit cube and its graph- Graphs in Coding Theory.

Text Book:

Narasingh Deo : Graph Theory with Applications to Engineering and Computer Science, PHI

Reference:

Harary : Graph Theory, Narosa Publishing House.
V K Balakrishnan : Graph Theory, Schaum’s Series.
Reinhard Diestel : Graph Theory, Springer – Verlag.

Question Paper

03.606 (7) ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE & EXPERT SYSTEMS (TA) 3-1-0

(ELECTIVE – II )

Module I

Definition - history and applications - propositional calculus - predicate calculus - inference rules - structures and strategies for state space search - heuristic search algorithms - heuristics in games - complexity issues - control and implementation of state space search - production systems - planning - the blackboard architecture Introduction to understanding natural language - introduction to automated reasoning - introduction to machine learning

Module II

Knowledge intensive problem solving - expert system technology - rule-based expert systems - model based reasoning - case based reasoning - knowledge representation problem - reasoning with uncertain or incomplete information - statistical approach - non-monotonic systems - fuzzy sets - knowledge representation - languages - issues - network representation - conceptual graphs - structured representation

Module III

Languages and programming techniques for AI - overview of LISP - search - higher order functions and procedural abstractions - search strategies - pattern matching - recursion - interpreters - logic programming in LISP - streams and delayed evaluation - expert system shell in LISP - network representations and inheritance - CLOS

Text book:

Luger G.F. & Stubblefield W.A., Artificial Intelligence, Addison Wesley

References:

1. Nilsson N.J., Artificial Intelligence - A New Synthesis, Harcourt Asia Pte. Ltd

2. Elain Rich & Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Tata McGraw Hill

3. Tanimotto S.L., The Elements of Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science Press

4. Winston P.H., LISP, Addison Wesley

Question Paper

03.607 COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING LAB (T) 0 -0- 4

1. Amplitude modulation and demodulation.

2. Frequency modulation and demodulation using PLL.

3. Frequency multiplier and Frequency synthesizer using PLL.

4. Pseudo Random Binary Sequence Generator.

5. Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis.

6. Clock recovery using PLL.

7. Mixer circuit using ICs.

8. Automatic Gain Control.

9. PWM, PPM, PAM Modulation & Demodulation.

10. Delta Modulation & Demodulation.

11. Amplitude Shift Keying Modulator and Demodulator.

12. Frequency Shift Keying Modulator and Demodulator.

13. Digital Phase Detector.

14. Time Division Multiplexing.

15. Binary PSK Modulator & Demodulator.

Note:

For University examination, the following guidelines should be followed regarding award of marks

(a) Circuit and design -25%

(b) Result & Performance -50%

Practical examination to be conducted covering entire syllabus given above.

03.608 MINI PROJECT ( TA) 0-0-4

Each student should conceive, design develop and realize an electronic product. The basic elements of product design - the function ergonomics and aesthetics - should be considered while conceiving and designing the product. The electronic part of the product should be an application of the analog & digital systems covered up to the 6^th semester. The realization of the product should include design and fabrication of PCB. Study of PCB design (single sided and double sided) may use any available software. The student should submit the report at the end of the semester. The product should be demonstrated at the time of examination.

Note:

For University examination, the following guidelines should be followed regarding award of marks:

(a) Demonstration - 30%

(b) Completeness and Novelty - 30%